像"品質"等等，"博雅"也是洋人說的"傘"字眼(an umbrella word 無所不包括的字眼) 。即每個人看法都不一樣 (試讀湯校長的就職演說，他也有一套；我的『教育人行道』BLOG 也有許多套) 。
我們建築系的學妹現在在高雄某科技大學主持通識課程，她提出大家都忽略的: "體育"作為博雅之基礎，這也是相 當好的。
類似的問題是普遍的，這也是胡適之先生有名的論文《名教》之說法。
在管理學界中，幾年就流行一個新名詞的說法是類似的；可以用一些縮寫的字母湯來表示，譬如說，MBO、TQC、ZD、TQM、
Reengineering、BSC、TOC、Six Sigma、「xy 內閣」、全人(全腦)教育、零基預算法、豐田生產、精實 (Lean
此是鍾某的翻譯，通行於台灣等地) 、有中國特色的XYZ……
其實，這些或多是Babel 塔民花果飄零之後的現象之一。
Some of the News Fit to Print
ABOUT HIGHER ED
BETTER HIGHER EDUCATION LEADS TO BETTER REGIONAL ECONOMY, REPORT SAYS
Findings released on Wednesday by the Milken Institute corroborate a
view many in higher education have found themselves defending in recent
years: A college education pays. In a report titled “A Matter of Degrees: The Effect of Educational Attainment on Regional Economic Prosperity,”
the nonprofit, nonpartisan think tank says its research proves “the
strong relationship between educational attainment and a region’s
economic performance.” The report associates education with increases in
real gross domestic product per capita and real wages, linking the
addition of one year in a worker’s average years of schooling to a
10.5-percent rise in a region’s real GDP per capita and a 8.4-percent
rise in the region’s real wages. The regional jumps in GDP and wages
grow even larger—to 17.4 percent and 17.8 percent, respectively—when
applied to workers who already hold at least a high-school diploma. The
article is in The Chronicle of Higher Education.
SEQUESTER THREATENS UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FUNDING
The impending federal budget cuts known as the sequester, which will go
into effect on Friday without action by Congress, are poised to have a
significantly negative effect on both public and private universities
nationwide. Some forms of federal student aid and funding for a variety
of research programs are likely to find themselves on the chopping
block, according to the White House and university administrators. The
article is in The Huffington Post.
ABOUT K-12
WHEN GIVEN ANOTHER CHANCE, GIRLS MATCH BOYS’ SCORES IN MATH
In a recent math competition that spanned a number of rounds,
researchers found that after the first round the differences in
performance between boys and girls disappeared. According to the study
published by economists from Utah’s Brigham Young University the gender
disparity evident in one-shot events – competitions that only have one
round – was no longer evident when teams get an opportunity for a
rematch. Unfortunately, the study couldn’t answer the lingering question
of why girls underperformed their male peers in the initial test – even
one administered on paper and not in a public setting where
embarrassment might be a factor. The article is at EducationNews.org.
TEACHERS SAY THEY ARE UNPREPARED FOR COMMON CORE
Even as the Common Core State Standards are being put into practice
across most of the country, nearly half of teachers feel unprepared to
teach them, especially to disadvantaged students, according to a new survey. The study by the EPE Research Center, an arm of Editorial Projects in Education, the publisher of Education Week, found
deep wells of concern among teachers about their readiness to meet the
challenges posed by the common core in English/language arts and
mathematics.
SEQUESTER SPELLS UNCERTAINTY FOR MANY PUBLIC SCHOOLS
If Congress and the Obama administration can't agree on a budget deal
by Friday, the federal government will be forced to cut $85 billion from
just about every federally funded program. Every state could lose
federal aid, and a myriad of government programs could shut down or
curtail services — and that includes the nation's public schools. The
piece ran on NPR’s All Things Considered.
OUTSIDERS FUNDING L.A. SCHOOL REFORM
The large amounts of outside money flowing into the Los Angeles Unified
school board election represent a new front in the reform battles that
have shaken up education politics over the last decade. Donations of $1
million by Mayor Michael Bloomberg of New York City and $250,000 by
former District of Columbia Public Schools Chancellor Michelle Rhee, in
particular, have sparked controversy. Donors like Bloomberg, Rhee, and
local philanthropists such as Eli Broad, are giving to a slate of
school-board candidates who support charter schools, new teacher
evaluations based on student test scores, and overhauling teacher
tenure. The article is at Hechinger Ed.
COLLEGE READY IN CALIFORNIA
High school achievement tests can be good predictors of how students will fare in community college, according to new research that
adds to the case for using more than just placement tests to decide
which students need to take remedial courses. However, the study also
identified a “disturbing” achievement gap, with Latino and black
students being less likely than their Asian and white peers to take and
pass transfer-level college courses. And that the gap occurs even among
students who performed well on their high school tests. The article is
in Inside Higher Ed.
ONLY HALF OF FIRST-TIME COLLEGE STUDENTS GRADUATE IN SIX YEARS
There is an abundance of evidence showing that going to college is
worth it. But that’s really only true if you go to college and then
graduate, and the United States is doing a terrible job of helping
enrolled college students complete their educations. A new report from
the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center digs deeper into
these graduation rates. It finds that of the 1.9 million students
enrolled for the first time in all degree-granting institutions in fall
2006, just over half of them (54.1 percent) had graduated within six
years. Another 16.1 percent were still enrolled in some sort of
postsecondary program after six years, and 29.8 percent had dropped out
altogether. The post is from The New York Times’ Economix blog.
ABOUT K-12
STUDENTS SHOW PROGRESS UNDER TEACHER-BONUS SYSTEM
A performance-bonus system that made use of "student learning
objectives"—academic growth goals set by teachers in consultation with
their principals—helped improve student achievement in schools using the
measure, concludes a new study issued today. The study,
by the Community Training and Assistance Center, a Boston-based
nonprofit technical-assistance and policy-evaluation firm, found that
students taught by participating teachers in math improved on average at
a rate 12 percent higher than those in comparison schools. That rate of
growth was enough to narrow gaps with their peers in those comparison
schools, who started somewhat ahead of them. In reading, students in
participating schools also improved by a rate that was 13 percent
greater than that of their peers in comparison schools. The post is from
Education Week’s Teacher Beat blog.
STUDY FINDS KIPP SCHOOLS BOOST ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
A new report
finds that students in KIPP charter schools experience significantly
greater learning gains in math, reading, science, and social studies
than do their peers in traditional public schools. The study, which
analyzed data from 43 middle schools run by KIPP, officially known as
the Knowledge Is Power Program, was conducted by Mathematica Policy
Research, a research center based in Princeton, N.J. It concludes that
students in the charter program, over a three-year period, gained an
additional 11 months of learning in math, eight additional months in
reading, 14 additional months of learning in science, and 11 additional
months of learning in social studies when compared to students in
comparable traditional public schools. The post is from Education Week’s Charters and Choice blog.
AMERICORPS TO PLAY A PART IN TURNING AROUND SCHOOLS
U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan has announced the launch of a
new 15-million 5-year program to put AmeriCorps volunteers into the
halls and classrooms of the nation’s worst schools in order to help the
students most at-risk of dropping out to graduate high school. In total,
650 AmeriCorps members will be taking up posts in 60 schools around the
country and will be working to help students not only earn their
diploma but also to improve their math and reading skills. The article
is from EducationNews.org.
COMMUNITY COLLEGE GRADS OUT-EARN BACHELOR’S DEGREE HOLDERS
Significant numbers of community-college grads are getting better jobs,
and earning more at the start of their careers than people with
bachelor’s degrees, a trend that surprises even the researchers who have
noticed it in wage data that has started to become more available in
the last year. “There is that perception that the bachelor’s degree is
the default, and, quite frankly, before we started this work showing the
value of a technical associate’s degree, I would have said that that
too,” says Mark Schneider, vice president of the American Institutes for
Research, which helped collect the numbers for some of the states that
report them. The article is in the Hechinger Report.
MANY STUDENTS DON’T NEED REMEDIATION, STUDIES SAY
At a time when more high schools are looking to their graduates'
college-remediation rates as a clue to how well they prepare students
for college and careers, new research findings suggest a significant
portion of students who test into remedial classes don't actually need
them. Separate studies from Teachers College, Columbia University, and
the Harvard Graduate School of Education come to the same conclusion:
The way colleges are using standardized placement tests such as
the College Board's Accuplacer, ACT's Compass, and others can
misidentify students, and secondary schools and universities should work
to develop a more comprehensive profile of students' strengths and
weaknesses in performing college-level work. The article is in Education Week.
READINESS MATTERS
Helping more students become ready for first-year college courses in at
least one more subject area has the potential to help our nation
increase the number of its students with a college degree and build a
more highly-skilled and productive workforce. The report is from ACT.
OUTLOOK FOR NON-PROFIT HIGHER EDUCATION IS ‘VOLATILE’
Lower-rated nonprofit colleges and universities that do not respond
proactively to the challenges outlined in Standard & Poor’s 2013
outlook report run the risk of developing weaker credits, according to
the report from the credit-rating agency. The report predicts an
“increasingly volatile” view of the nonprofit higher-education sector,
meaning there may be an increased number of positive and negative rating
changes during the year. The report also predicts that higher-rated
universities—those with a higher demand among students, a greater
diversity of revenue sources, and a strong history of fund raising—will
maintain or improve their creditworthiness. The article is in The Chronicle of Higher Education.
NEW STATE BY STATE COMPLETION DATA
The National Student Clearinghouse Research Center today released a
state-by-state rundown of graduation data, which is based on a broad
sample representing about 97 percent of students who attend public and
private nonprofit institutions. The report is
a companion to a national completion data study the group released last
fall. Both are based on students who first enrolled in 2006 at the
3,300 colleges and universities that submit data to the clearinghouse,
which is a nonprofit that collects enrollment data and conducts degree
verifications. The article is from Inside Higher Ed’s Quick Takes.
MORE UNIVERSITIES TRY MOOC MODEL
There is growing consensus that the classic college lecture, with a
“sage on the stage” holding forth for an hour or more, too often
delivers mediocre results. Students tune out. Professors get stale.
“Year after year, you’re walking into the same room, saying the same
words,” said Stanford University computer scientist Andrew Ng. “Year
after year, telling the same jokes. You start to wonder if this is how
best to teach.” Dissatisfaction with live lectures helped drive Ng and
Stanford colleague Daphne Koller to put course materials online. The
success of those experiments led them last year to launch the MOOC
platform. The article is in The Washington Post.
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