圖片來源：http://www.tyojyu.or.jp/
太極拳由慢練起，但初時的慢是勉強的，只是故意將簡單的動作拖慢，卻沒有能力做到慢中應有的變化；如此勉強地慢練，是苦差，拳姿因而拖沓呆滯。然而，不經過「勉強的慢」，便不能做到「自然的慢」，前者是方法，後者是追求的境界。
《太極拳經》說的「一舉動周身俱要輕靈，尤須貫串」和「周身節節貫串，無令絲毫間斷」，如果練到了，就是「自然的慢」；例如手臂一提起，看似一個動作，其實指、腕、肘、肩都做了表面不容易看到的動作，有如微波暗湧中的一浪接一浪，分而不斷，有這麼多的動作，自然就可以運用這麼多的時間。反觀初練時「勉強的慢」，那動作就只是一條手臂提起，甚麼變化也沒有。不過，只要肯用心慢練，細心體會，始終能夠將手臂「拆散」，分開了指、腕、肘、肩之後，貫串便有著落；做到節節貫串時，由於其中有微妙的變化，動作雖慢，卻能輕靈。達到了「自然的慢」的境界後，便能快慢自如了（陳式太極可快可慢，其實各家太極亦可以這樣）。
同樣道理，也適用於哲學。維根斯坦這樣說：「在哲學，勝出的是跑得最慢的那位。」還說：「哲學家見面時應該這樣互相打招呼：慢慢來呀！」（見 Culture and Value, pp.34 & 80）讀哲學，起初要用「勉強的慢」的方法，強迫自己慢讀細想，來回往復地思考重點和論證，盡力分析，不斷告訴自己問題沒有表面看到的那麼簡單。起初即使慢下來，也只能看到粗枝大葉，但只要肯虛心用心，用功一段日子之後，便能多看到一些精微細緻之處，除了見樹葉、見葉脈，也能見樹、見樹林，逐漸達到「自然的慢」的境界。
最近領悟到，這「勉強的慢」和「自然的慢」，原來也適用於待人接物。有些說話和行為，只要你勉強自己慢下來，多想幾次才決定，也許便不會說不會做了，並因此而避過不少麻煩。以我的性情而言，最初的慢，肯定是勉強的，但運用了這個「勉強的慢」的方法後，對於須要決定怎樣反應的事情，我逐漸能夠考慮得全面一些；多了考慮，便自然地慢下來了。也許不少人一早已明白這個道理，自然而然地三思而後行；余生也魯，到了這把年紀才有此領悟，但總好過執迷不悟。
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http://www.bbc.com/news/business-29240959Google reveals most searched-for universities
The search data from Google tracks the "phenomenal" rise of online courses
Google has revealed the most popular searches for people around the world looking for universities.
This ranking of online searches is very different from the traditional map of the global powerhouses of higher education.
There is a strong interest in online courses, rather than traditional campus-based universities, says Google.
And there are five Indian institutions in the top 20 of most searched-for universities.
The top search worldwide is for the University of Phoenix, a US-based, for-profit university, with many online courses and a sometimes controversial record on recruitment.
The University of Phoenix, founded in the 1970s, comes ahead of famous US academic institutions such as Harvard, Stanford and Columbia.
Online students
In second place in this league table of university searches is the Massachusetts Institute of Technology - last week ranked as the world's best university and also an institution with a strong record for pioneering online courses.
There are five Indian universities in Google's most-searched top 20
The top European university is not some ancient institution, but the UK's distance learning pioneer, the Open University.
It has been developing online courses, including for the US, and is in third place in the Google most-searched rankings.
University College London and the London School of Economics are both ahead of Oxford and Cambridge among UK universities.
The University of Calicut, in Kerala, India, is fourth in this ranking of online searches. And Anna University in Chennai is the second Indian university in the top 10.
Liberty University, an evangelical Christian university based in Virginia in the US, with many online students, appears in the top 20.
Shopping channel
The internet has become a key marketplace for universities to reach potential students, says Google's analysis.
It is also increasingly the medium for delivering courses, including massive open online courses or "Moocs". In 2013, searches for online universities overtook traditional universities.
International searches account for 40% of people looking at UK universities
Taking the UK higher education system as an example, Google's search patterns show a globalised and fast-changing market.
Among searches worldwide for UK universities, 40% are from outside the UK. The biggest international regions for searching for UK universities are Asia Pacific and western Europe.
This has helped to put five UK universities in the top 20 - but Google's report on search data shows the volatility and pace of change.
In 2011, the most searched-for universities in the UK, apart from the Open University, were conventional campus-based institutions, headed by Oxford and Cambridge.
By 2014, all of these UK campus universities had been overtaken by Coursera, the US-based provider of online courses. Other Mooc providers, such as edX and FutureLearn, had also emerged as bigger than many traditional UK universities.
"The growth that they've experienced has been phenomenal," says the Google analysis. "Higher education institutions must decide whether to embrace and adapt or risk getting left behind."
The Khan Academy, which has been providing online teaching material since 2006, has more search activity than Cambridge University, teaching since the 13th Century.
'Tip of the iceberg'
Universities are acutely aware of the importance of their online presence, says Ronald Ehrenberg, director of Cornell University's Higher Education Research Institute in New York.
The red line tracks searches for Coursera, the blue line for Cambridge University
The internet is the "primary way" that universities market themselves to potential students and to alumni, says Prof Ehrenberg.
"We update our web page multiple times a week to broadcast all the news that is going on at the university and all of the achievements, including research, of our faculty and students, and showcase all the visitors to the university.
"But this is only the tip of the iceberg in the way that the internet has changed how we behave.
"Many institutions are heavily into online instruction as a way of expanding enrolments... many institutions are moving to expand revenues by growing professional masters programmes in a wide range of areas."
Nick Hillman, director of the Higher Education Policy Institute in London, says the impact of Moocs has been "over-sold".
But he says university websites have an important role in recruiting, particularly for overseas students.
The Google data suggests that academics, accustomed to university terms, will also need to pay attention to search terms.
"The internet is playing an ever increasing role in the decision making. Students are online searching and consuming content in all forms when they are deciding whether or not to go to university and deciding which universities to apply for," said Harry Walker, education industry head at Google.
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