徐小虎(Joan Stanley-Baker) The Bennington Story,《通識教育》。1995.12, pp.45-66
現在,可以參考http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bennington_College 的1990s部分。
...In 1993, the Bennington College Board of Trustees initiated a process known as "The Symposium." Arguing that the college suffered
from "a growing attachment to the status quo that, if unattended, is
lethal to Bennington's purpose and pedagogy,"[3] the Board of Trustees
"solicit[ed]...concerns and proposals on a wide and open-ended range of
issues from every member of the faculty, every student, every staff
member, every alumna and alumnus, and dozens of friends of the
College."[4] According to the Trustees, the process was intended to
reinvent the college, and the Board said it received over 600
contributions to this end.[4]
The
results of the process were published in June 1994 in a 36-page
document titled Symposium Report of the Bennington College Board of
Trustees. Recommended changes included the following:
Adoption of a "teacher-practitioner" ideal;[5]
Abandonment of academic divisions in favor of "polymorphous, dynamically changing Faculty Program Groups";[6]Replacement of the college's system of presumptive tenure with "an experimental contract system";[7] and A 10% tuition reduction over the following five years.[8]
Near
the end of June 1994, 27 faculty members (approximately one-third of
the total faculty body) were notified by certified mail that their
contracts would not be renewed.[9] (The exact number of fired faculty
members is listed as 25 or 26 in some reports, a discrepancy partly due
to the fact that at least one faculty member, photographer Neil
Rappaport, was reinstated on appeal shortly after his firing.)[10] As
recommended in the Symposium, the Trustees abolished the presumptive
tenure system, leaving the institution with no form of tenure. The
firings attracted considerable media attention...
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