 女孩子新歡粉色是由于進化因素 |
英國科學家發現，人們對不同顏色的偏愛很大程度上取決於性別，女孩喜歡粉色，而男孩喜歡藍色，這一性別差異很可能與基因有關。
英國紐卡斯爾大學一項最新研究結果顯示，男女很可能在千百萬年的自然演化史中形成了這種對顏色的喜好選擇。
主導此研究的教授安婭﹒赫歐博特(Anya Hurlbert)認為，人類可能從遠古時代起就開始形成這種兩性有別、顏色喜好的生理反應了。
她表示，遠在原始族群時代，男女就開始因自然分工不同而產生顏色喜好的區分：男性多數時間外出狩獵而願意選擇不易被野獸發現的素淡顏色﹔女性往往在居家附近狂集野果，而每每見到熟透的鮮艷果實便體會到成功與喜悅。
她認為千百萬年的自然演化使得這種對顏色的本能反應已經成為人類潛意識的一部份。
這位紐卡斯爾大學的教授還介紹說，她們的研究主要是將各種顏色分為兩大類：一類是所謂紅綠色調，另一類藍黃。
她說："我們研究實驗前也大概知道男女在顏色喜好方面有差異，但是沒有想到兩性之間的顏色喜好差異有這麼巨大。"
在紐卡斯爾大學研究者們所從事的實驗中，眾多參與實驗的男女需要快速地在不同顏色影像和物品中做出選擇。
研究結果發現，儘管藍色是所有顏色中男女平均起來都最喜愛的，但是男性更加喜歡偏向藍黃色調的所謂素色而女性則多數偏愛鮮艷顏色。
赫歐博特教授表示男女都喜歡藍色也很可能因為自然演化因素形成。
她說："早在男狩獵女狂集的遠古時代，有蔚藍天空的好天氣和發現藍色純淨水源都是讓人高興不已的好事情。因此男女潛意識看到藍色就感到一種安慰與滿足。"Girls prefer pink - or at least a redder shade of blue
Date released 20 August 2007
A new study by scientists from Newcastle University gives substance to the old adage 'Pink for a girl, blue for a boy'.
Evolution may have driven women's preference for pink, according to the study published today.
'The explanation might date back to humans' hunter-gatherer days, when women were the primary gatherers and would have benefited from an ability to home in on ripe, red fruits. Culture may exploit and compound this natural female preference', says Professor Anya Hurlbert, Professor of Visual Neuroscience at Newcastle University.
The study, which is published in the latest issue of Current Biology, provides new scientific evidence in support of the long-held notion that men and women differ when it comes to their favourite colours.
'Although we expected to find gender differences, we were surprised at how robust they were, given the simplicity of our test,' says Professor Hurlbert.
The study is the first to show that colour preference can be broken down into two elements: red-greenness and blue-yellowness. These are the biological mechanisms that underlie colour. Girls and boys differ in the emphasis they give to these two fundamental components.
In the test, young adult men and women were asked to select, as rapidly as possible, their preferred colour from each of a series of paired, coloured rectangles.
While the test revealed that the universal favourite colour appears to be blue , the researchers found that females had a preference for the red end of the red-green axis.
'This shifts their colour preference slightly away from blue towards red, which tends to make pinks and lilacs the most preferred colours in comparison with others,' says Professor Hurlbert, who carried out the study along with research associate, Dr Yazhu Ling.
The test included a small group of Chinese people among the other 171 British Caucasian study participants to establish whether gender differences in colour preference depend more on biology or culture. According to Professor Hurlbert, the results among the Chinese participants were similar, strengthening the idea that the gender differences might be biological.
Overall, the differences between men and women were substantial enough that the seasoned researchers can now usually predict the sex of a participant based on their 'favourite colour' profile.
The researchers plan to modify the colour-choice test for infants to further test the 'nature versus nurture' theory.
However, Professor Hurlbert says she could only speculate about the universal preference for blue: 'Here again, I would favour evolutionary arguments. Going back to our 'savannah' days, we would have a natural preference for a clear blue sky, because it signalled good weather. Clear blue also signals a good water source', she says.
Reproduced with permission of Current Biology
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